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P1, Neck pain only P2, Neck pain + referred pain to upper limb(s) P3, Neck pain + neurogenic symptoms (pins and needles or numbness) ± referred pain to upper limb(s). Centre 4: Quality Healthcare Asia Limited, Shatin Physiotherapy Clinic. Centre 2: Alice Ho Miu Ling Nethersole Hospital. *Patients recruited from centre 1 and 3 also participated in the study of construct validity.
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(Beneciuk et al, 2012, Acute or Sub-acute Low Back Pain) Patients with Acute or Sub-Acute Low Back Pain: